OTC Antibiotics: Quick Guide for Safe Self‑Care

Over‑the‑counter (OTC) antibiotics let you treat mild infections without a doctor’s script. But they’re not a free‑for‑all. Knowing what’s available, how to use it, and when to stop is key to avoiding resistance and side effects.

Common OTC Antibiotics in the UK

In the UK, true antibiotics are prescription‑only. What you’ll find on pharmacy shelves are products that contain antiseptic or antibacterial ingredients, not systemic antibiotics. Examples include:

• Topical creams with bacitracin or neomycin for minor cuts.
• Eye drops like chloramphenicol for simple conjunctivitis.
• Nasal sprays with oxymetazoline that reduce bacterial growth in short‑term use.

These items work locally, meaning they stay on the skin or surface and don’t travel through your bloodstream. That’s why they’re safe for short, targeted use.

When to Reach Out to a Doctor

OTC options are fine for superficial wounds, minor skin infections, or simple eye irritation. If you notice swelling, fever, pus that spreads, or the problem lasts more than a few days, it’s time to get a prescription. Systemic infections—like a severe throat infection, urinary tract infection, or pneumonia—require a doctor’s diagnosis and a full‑strength antibiotic.

Signs you need professional help include:

• Fever above 38°C (100.4°F).
• Increasing pain or redness after a few days.
• Red streaks spreading from a wound.
• Any symptom that worsens despite OTC treatment.

Skipping the doctor and relying on OTC products for these cases can let the infection grow, making it harder to treat later.

To use OTC antibacterial creams safely, clean the area first with mild soap and water, apply a thin layer, and cover only if needed. Most products say “use for up to 7 days”—don’t keep them longer. If you develop a rash, itching, or feeling unwell, stop using it and talk to a pharmacist or doctor.

Pharmacists can also suggest non‑antibiotic alternatives, like antiseptic washes, silicone dressings, or pain‑relief gels. Sometimes, a simple change in hygiene does the trick without any medication.

Remember, antibiotic resistance isn’t just a hospital problem. Overusing any antibacterial agent gives bacteria a chance to adapt. Keep your use short, targeted, and only when it’s the right tool for the job.

Bottom line: OTC antibacterial products are handy for tiny, surface‑level issues, but they’re not a substitute for real antibiotics when you have a deeper infection. When in doubt, ask a pharmacist or see a GP—better safe than sorry.